Impedance & match

Complex impedance, reflection, and a Smith chart at the measurement reference plane.

Reference Z₀ (Ω)Resistance R (Ω)Reactance X (Ω)

Reflection magnitude |Γ|Reflection phase (deg)S11 (dB)VSWRMismatch loss (dB)

Enter R + jX, or |Γ| and phase. Blank R, X, or phase means zero. Editing S11, VSWR, or mismatch loss keeps the reflection phase. Magnitude alone does not determine complex impedance.

Drag the marker or click the chart. Arrow keys move Γ; Shift makes a fine adjustment.

At the reference plane

Upper half: inductive (+jX). Lower half: capacitive (−jX). Grid values are normalized to Z₀.

Real-resistance reference curve

This slice has X = 0. Click it to set a real resistance.

Model and reference

Passive impedances (R ≥ 0), real positive Z₀. Γ = (Z − Z₀)/(Z + Z₀). Delivered power fraction is 1 − |Γ|² for a matched source at this plane. This is not a full source/load mismatch uncertainty model.

Keysight: complex impedance and the Smith chart

Static calculations in your browser. No measurement data is uploaded.